Productivity is a frequently used term in business, but what does it actually mean? The Collins dictionary defines it by stating that ‘someone or something that is productive produces or does a lot for the amount of resources used’1.
Employee productivity is particularly important in small businesses, where resources are more limited than they would be in a large company.
Before implementing strategies to improve workplace productivity, small business owners may wish to measure how their team are currently working in order to identify sticking points.
Measuring workplace productivity
In a workplace context, productivity could be defined as the amount of work (or output) that an employee produces during their shift (their input). So put simply, the productivity of a baker could be measured by how many items they bake during their shift.
There is a simple formula that is often used in businesses:
Productivity = output ÷ input
However, it isn’t always as simple to measure it in such a tangible way. The way in which you measure it within your business can depend on the industry that you operate in. Each industry and each job role within that industry would need a different method in order to measure how productively people are working. How can a firm of accountants, for example, measure it when they aren’t necessarily producing a physical product? Aside from setting your team a task and timing how long they take to complete it, is there a way to measure productivity in these non-tangible industries?
Service industries
Assessing productivity in service industries, or in businesses that don’t produce a physical product, can be difficult. When the output of a day’s work isn’t as obvious as it might be in other industries, is there a way to measure how productively your team is working?
Timesheets are a frequently used method in agencies to record the amount of time being spent on tasks for each client. The same principle could also be applied for measuring productivity in service-based businesses. Timesheets could be used as a way for employees to record how much time they are spending on particular tasks. This will not only show you how efficient they are during the working day, but it might also allow you to see if certain tasks are taking up too much of your team’s time. This might help you identify where team members need help with workloads. However, implementing a timesheet within your business can also come with its own set of challenges. Your team may feel that they are being watched by management and that their days are being heavily monitored which could impact staff morale.
One way to measure staff efficiency may simply be to speak to your team. Asking them about their workloads and how they manage their time may identify areas that are taking up too much of their time. Some of these tasks may be unnecessary, such as certain admin requirements that they might be able to delegate in order to free up some of their time to focus on more productive tasks.
Performance reviews
Performance reviews can be one way to measure productivity levels within your business. Working with your team to set individual performance goals based on their own personal development as well as overall business goals can help to monitor how productively they are working. Employees who are regularly hitting their performance goals are potentially working at a highly efficient level, whereas people who are struggling to hit their goals might need more help to work more efficiently and productively.
Challenges of measuring productivity
Alongside the method of how it’s measured within a business, there can be other challenges that business owners may face when analysing how effectively people are working.
In customer service roles, such as call centre staff, the traditional method of measuring productivity would be the number of calls that a customer service representative takes during their shift. However, this doesn’t take into account the level of service that was delivered to customers. Employees who have their productivity measured in this way may be tempted to rush through calls in order to fit as many as possible into their shifts without taking into account the quality of the service that they are providing.
This is where the importance of monitoring efficiency comes in. While productivity looks at the output produced by an employee in comparison to their input (the amount of time they’ve spent at work, for example), efficiency looks at the quality of work that they produce as well as the output. As a result, some businesses might look to combine the measurement of the two by only including the output that is of a good quality.
Productivity can often be confused with the amount of hours that an employee working. If someone is staying logged on until gone 7pm when everyone else has finished for the day, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are working harder than everybody else. Rather than monitoring the amount of time that someone is working for, productivity should be measured by the actual output that they are producing and the quality of their work.
Benefits of measuring productivity
Measuring and monitoring productivity levels can have a number of benefits for small businesses. Alongside giving you the opportunity to see output levels within your business, it also allows you to keep track of the service levels that your team is providing your customers. This can help you to maintain a consistent level of customer service across your business.
Productivity measurement can also help you to identify particular areas or processes within your business that might be causing unnecessary delays to your team’s workflows. This can help you to streamline the processes within your business to ensure that your team is able to get the most out of their working days.
Measuring workplace efficiency may also have benefits for the employee as well as the business. The use of productivity measurement tools may highlight particular times of the day when people are the most focussed. Someone might be able to concentrate better in the mornings, for example, than they are past 3pm. This could mean that this particular person might favour a more flexible work schedule that allows them to start work earlier in the morning and finish earlier. This could benefit both the employee, as they are able to have a more flexible working structure, and the business, as they would be working during the time when they are the most productive.
